Process of making piles.



J. STEWART.

PROCESS 0F MAKING PILES.

APPLlcATloN FILED MAY 29. 1912.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

JOHN STEWART, OF WASHINGTON, sDISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO THESIMPLEX CONCRETE FILING COMPANY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUM- BIA,A CORPORATION OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

PROCESS or MAKING PILES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. I9, 1915.

Application lied May 29, 1912. Serial No. 700,481.

To all wkompz't may concern:

Be it known that I,4 JOHN STEWART, a citizen of the United States,residing in Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certainImprovements in the Process of Making Piles, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in the process ,of makingconcrete piles.

The object of my invention'is to make a concrete pile with an enlargedupper portion, which will form a suitable support for a beam or otherload. This object is attained by increasing the diameter of the pile bydisplacing the concrete form-ing the body of the pile by a pile form andthen filling the opening thus formed with additional concrete.

By my invention a pile can be readily driven to the depth desired, afterwhich the upper portion of the pile can be expanded in order to producea pile having a large area at the upper end; this being accomplishedwithout the necessity of using heavy apparatus in driving the pile.

This object I attain in the following manner, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure l, is a view showing the pileform driven to the depth desired; Fig. 2, is a view showing the concreteplaced in the opening made by the pile form; Fig. 3, is a View showingthe pile form driven into the concrete to a certain depth to increasethe diameter of a portion of the pile; Fig. 4, is

' a view showing the pile form removed and additional concrete placed inthe opening formed thereby; Fig. 5, is a view showing the pile formagain driven into the concrete at a less depth than that illustrated inFig. 3, by which the diameter o f the pile is again increased; and Fig.6, is a view showing the pile form removed and the additional concret-eplaced in the pile to form an enlarged head.

Referring to the drawings, A is the-pile form, consisting of a metallictube having a' point Bat the lower end, preferably of a greater diameterthan the body portion of the pile form. This point is made in \twosections c-c,'hinged to the body portion so that it will open as thepile form is raised:

In some instances, a detachable point may be used in place of the pointillustrated.

The pile form is-driven in the ordinary manner to the depth desired; theform bein-g of such a diameter that it will properlycompress the earthsurrounding the opening madeby it. Concrete is then placed in the pileform and the form gradually raised. As soon as the pile form is movedupward, the concrete within the pile form opens the sections c of thepoint and will flow out of the bottoin of the pile form into the openingin the ground. This is continued until the pile form is completelyremoved and the `opening filled with concrete, as indicated at w, Fig.2.

This is the present method of making what is known as a Simplex pile,but, in some instances, it is desirable to' increase the diameter of thegreater portion of the pile;

particularly the top of the pile, which forms Concrete is thendischarged into the pile l form and as the pile form is raised theconcrete flows out of the bottom and fills the opening. made in the massof concrete, as illustrated at y, Fig. 4. A

If it be desired to still increase the size of the pile, particularly atthe upper end, then the pile form is again driven into the concrete,'forming the pile, as indicated in Fig. 5. The pile form ispreferably driven about one-third the length of the pile; displacing theconcrete and increasing the diameter of the hole; vcompressing theground surrounding the pile to a still greater extent. Concrete is againplaced in the pile form and as the pile form is removed the concreteflows from the form and into the pile, producing an enlarged head, asillustrated at a, Fig. 6.

The extent to which the pile form is driven into the ground will varyunder different conditions. In some instances, it may only be necessaryto form one enlargement, whereas, in other cases, as illustrated in Fig.4, it may be found desirable to make two or more enlargements.

In place of concrete, gravel, or other material, may be used toll theopening or openings in the concrete.

I claim: y

l. The process herein described of making concrete piles having agreater diameter at the top than at the bottom, said process consistingin driving a pile form in the ground to the full depth desired; whollyremoving the pile form and filling or partly filling the opening thusformed with concrete; then driving the said pile form into the concretein the opening to a depth less than the depth towhich it was previouslydriven so as to increase the diameter ofv that portion of the hole inwhich the concrete was placed and in which the pile form Was driven;removing the pile form and filling the opening in the concrete, thusforming a pile having an upper section greater in diameter throughoutthan the lower section.

2. The process herein described of making concrete piles ofa greaterdiameter at the top than at the bottom, said process consisting in firstdriving a pile form into the' ing the opening with concrete and beforethe concrete is set driving the pile form into the concrete to a depthless than the full depth of the pile so as to force the concrete outlaterally to enlarge the lopening in the ground; removing the pile formand filling the hole in the concrete With additional concrete; thendriving the pile form into the concrete at a less depth than that towhich it was previously driven so `as to force the concrete laterally toincrease the diameter of the opening and the diameter of the fin- -ishedpile and so as to provide a head of large diameter; and then filling theopening thus formed in the concrete to retain the said concrete inposition.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN STEWART.

